Lithium carbonate

Lithium carbonate

Names
IUPAC name Lithium carbonate
Other names Dilithium carbonate, Carbolith, Cibalith-S, Duralith, Eskalith, Lithane, Lithizine, Lithobid, Lithonate, Lithotabs Priadel, Zabuyelite
Identifiers
CAS Number	554-13-2 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:6504 Y
ChemSpider	10654 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.239
KEGG	D00801 Y
PubChem CID	11125
RTECS number	OJ5800000
UNII	2BMD2GNA4V Y
InChI InChI=1S/CH2O3.2Li/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2 Y Key: XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/CH2O3.2Li/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2 Key: XGZVUEUWXADBQD-NUQVWONBAY
SMILES [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O
Properties
Chemical formula	Li 2CO 3
Molar mass	73.89
Appearance	Odorless white powder
Density	2.11 g/cm3
Melting point	723 °C (1,333 °F; 996 K)
Boiling point	1,310 °C (2,390 °F; 1,580 K) decomposes from ~1300 °C
Solubility in water	1.54 g/100 mL (0 °C) 1.43 g/100 mL (10 °C) 1.29 g/100 mL (25 °C) 1.08 g/100 mL (40 °C) 0.69 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	Insoluble in acetone, ammonia, alcohol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−27.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.428
Viscosity	4.64 cP (777 °C) 3.36 cP (817 °C)
Thermochemistry
Specific heat capacity (C)	97.4 J/mol·K
Std molar entropy (So298)	90.37 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	-1215.6 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	-1132.4 kJ/mol
Hazards
Main hazards	Irritant
Safety data sheet	ICSC 1109
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word	Warning
GHS hazard statements	H302, H319
GHS precautionary statements	P305+351+338
EU classification (DSD)	Xn Xi
R-phrases	R22, R36
S-phrases	S26, S36/37
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	525 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Related compounds
Other cations	Sodium carbonate Potassium carbonate Rubidium carbonate Caesium carbonate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Lithium carbonate is an inorganic compound, the lithium salt of carbonate with the formula Li
2CO
3. This white salt is widely used in the processing of metal oxides.

For the treatment of bipolar disorder, it is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

Lithium carbonate is an important industrial chemical. It forms low-melting fluxes with silica and other materials. Glasses derived from lithium carbonate are useful in ovenware. Lithium carbonate is a common ingredient in both low-fire and high-fire ceramic glaze. Its alkaline properties are conducive to changing the state of metal oxide colorants in glaze particularly red iron oxide (Fe
2O
3). Cement sets more rapidly when prepared with lithium carbonate, and is useful for tile adhesives. When added to aluminium trifluoride, it forms LiF which gives a superior electrolyte for the processing of aluminium. It is also used in the manufacture of most lithium-ion battery cathodes, which are made of lithium cobalt oxide.