Kira Muratova
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Kira Muratova People's Artist of Ukraine |
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Kira Muratova in 2006
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| Native name | Кіра Георгіївна Муратова |
| Born |
5 November 1934 Soroca, Kingdom of Romania (now Moldova) |
| Residence | Odesa |
| Other names | Kira Georgiyivna Korotkova |
| Occupation |
Film director Screenwriter |
| Years active | 1961–present |
Kira Heorhiyivna Muratova (Ukrainian: Кіра Георгіївна Мура́това), née Korotkova (born November 5, 1934 in Soroca) is a Ukrainian award-winning film director, screenwriter and actress, known for her unusual directorial style. Her films underwent a great deal of censorship in the Soviet Union.
Muratova has spent most of her artistic career in Odessa, creating her films with local studios, mostly casting local actors.
Kira Korotkova was born in 1934 in Soroca, Romania (present-day Moldova) to a Jewish mother and a Russian father. Her parents were both active communists and members of the Communist Party. Her father participated in the pro-Soviet guerilla movement in World War II and was killed in action. After the war, Kira lived in Bucharest with her mother, a gynaecologist, who then pursued a government career in Socialist Romania.
In 1959, Kira graduated from the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography in Moscow, specializing in directing. Upon graduation Korotkova received a director position with the Odessa Film Studio in Odessa, a port city at the Black Sea near to her native Bessarabia. She directed her first professional film in 1961 and worked with the studio until a professional conflict made her to move to Leningrad in 1978. There she made one film with Lenfilm Studio, but returned to Odessa afterwards. Muratova's films came under constant criticism of the Soviet officials due to her idiosyncratic film language that did not comply with the norms of socialist realism. Film scholar Isa Willinger has compared Muratova's cinematographic form to the Soviet Avant-garde, especially to Eisenstein's montage of attractions. Several times Muratova was banned from working as a director for a number of years each time.
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