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Juma Mosque, Shamakhi

Juma Mosque of Shamakhi
Qoşa minarəli məscid. Şamaxı şəhəri.JPG
Basic information
Location Azerbaijan Shamakhi, Azerbaijan
Geographic coordinates 40°18′31″N 49°49′13″E / 40.30861°N 49.82028°E / 40.30861; 49.82028Coordinates: 40°18′31″N 49°49′13″E / 40.30861°N 49.82028°E / 40.30861; 49.82028
Affiliation Islam
Country Azerbaijan
Architectural description
Architectural type Mosque
Architectural style Islamic architecture
Date established 743-744

Juma Mosque of Shamakhi or Friday Mosque of Shamakhi (Azerbaijani: Şamaxı Cümə Məscidi) is a mosque in the city of Shamakhi, Azerbaijan.

Construction date of the mosque- 743-744 relies on research of a geological commission coming from Tiflis, which was led by prince Shahgulu Qajar. This date was defined with Arabic ligature on the facade of the Friday Mosque, stating the year 126 according to Islamic calendar as the establishment year. Just in this period the construction of new religious buildings – mosques – was begun in the territory of Azerbaijan. Historical appearance of ancient Islamic architectural monuments was related to Arabs’ governance and spreading of Islam in the territory of Azerbaijan. Friday Mosque of Shamakhi is considered the first mosque in the Caucasus after cathedral Friday Mosque of Derbent, which was constructed in 734.

The construction date of the mosque is dated from the governance period of Caliphate’s vicar in the Caucasus and Dagestan, Arabic commander Maslam ibn Abd-al Melik, brother of Umayyad caliph Valil I (705-715), by whom Shamakhi was chosen as the residence. In these years Arab governors, strengthening towers of this ancient city with the rich cultural heritage, began the construction of new structures in its territory. Arabs attached the great importance to Shamakhi, which is visible from the great architectural appearance of Friday Mosque.

Considerable demolitions and damages of Friday Mosque during the battles and earthquakes were the reason of restorative reconstructions of the mosque’s building. According to information of Imadeddin Isfahani - a chronicler of Seljuq’s epoch, beginning from 1123, Shirvanshah rulers resorted to Seljuq’s sultan Mahmud (1118-1131), for defense from forays of Georgians. The chronicle says that “the assailants demolished the mosque, knocked down the minaret, plundered in the city” at that time in Shamakhi.


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