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Iceland

Republic of Iceland
Lýðveldið Ísland
Flag of Iceland
Coat of arms of Iceland
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Lofsöngur"
Location of Iceland
Capital
and largest city
Reykjavík
64°08′N 21°56′W / 64.133°N 21.933°W / 64.133; -21.933
Official language
and national language
Icelandic
Ethnic groups (2015)
Religion Church of Iceland
Demonym Icelander
Government Unitary parliamentary republic
• President
Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
Bjarni Benediktsson
Legislature Althing
Formation
9th century
930–1262
1262–1814
1380–1944
5 January 1874
• Kingdom
1 December 1918
• Republic
17 June 1944
Area
• Total
102,775 km2 (39,682 sq mi) (106th)
• Water (%)
2.7
Population
• 1 January 2016 estimate
332,529 (182nd)
• Density
3.2/km2 (8.3/sq mi) (233rd)
GDP (PPP) 2016 estimate
• Total
$16.146 billion (142nd)
• Per capita
$48,070 (23rd)
GDP (nominal) 2016 estimate
• Total
$19.444 billion
• Per capita
$57,888 (16th)
Gini (2013) 24.00
low · 2nd
HDI (2014) Steady 0.899
very high · 16th
Currency Icelandic króna (ISK)
Time zone WET (UTC+0)
Date format dd/mm/yyyy
Drives on the right
Calling code +354
Patron saint Saint Thorlak
ISO 3166 code IS
Internet TLD .is

The Republic of Iceland (Listeni/ˈslənd/; Icelandic: Ísland pronounced: [ˈistlant]), Lýðveldið Ísland in Icelandic, is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of 332,529 and an area of 103,000 km2 (40,000 sq mi), making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavík. Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.


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