Greenfield, Massachusetts
| Greenfield, Massachusetts | ||
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| City | ||
Greenfield from Poet's Seat Tower, 1917
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 Location in Franklin County in Massachusetts |
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 Greenfield, Massachusetts
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| Coordinates: 42°35′15″N 72°36′00″W / 42.58750°N 72.60000°WCoordinates: 42°35′15″N 72°36′00″W / 42.58750°N 72.60000°W | ||
| Country | United States | |
| State | Massachusetts | |
| County | Franklin | |
| Settled | 1686 | |
| Incorporated | 1753 | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | Mayor-council city | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 21.9 sq mi (56.7 km2) | |
| • Land | 21.4 sq mi (55.5 km2) | |
| • Water | 0.5 sq mi (1.2 km2) | |
| Elevation | 250 ft (76 m) | |
| Population (2010) | ||
| • Total | 17,456 | |
| • Density | 800/sq mi (310/km2) | |
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC-5) | |
| • Summer (DST) | Eastern (UTC-4) | |
| ZIP code | 01301 | |
| Area code(s) | 413 | |
| FIPS code | 25-27025 | |
| GNIS feature ID | 0618166 | |
| Website | greenfield-ma |
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Greenfield is a city in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Greenfield was first settled in 1686. The population was 17,456 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Franklin County. Greenfield is home to Greenfield Community College, the Pioneer Valley Symphony Orchestra, and the Franklin County Fair. The city has a Main Street Historic District containing fine examples of Federal, Greek Revival, and Victorian architecture.
Greenfield is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Pocumtuck Indians first settled and originally inhabited the Greenfield area. Native American artifacts found in the area have been dated between 7,000 and 9,000 years BCE. The Pocumtucks planted field crops and fished local rivers. Some sources claim that they were wiped out by the Mohawks in 1664 and that the land was left unoccupied. This theory may be an example of the principle of vacuum domicilium, a frequently used justification for the displacement of native peoples. Other sources show that the Pocumtucks joined the Wampanoag chief Metacom in August 1675 in the fight against English encroachment, indicating a continued presence in the area. The Pocumtuck also played an important role in the Battle of Great Falls / Wissantinnewag - Peskeompskut on May 19, 1676, and tribal oral tradition indicates that following the battle, elements of the Pocumtuck fled to and were incorporated into the Abenaki people to the north and the Mahican people to the west.
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