Frespañol

Frespañol (more commonly frañol or fragnol), is a portmanteau of the words and , which mean French and Spanish. This example of code-switching is a mixture between French and Spanish, almost always in speech, but may be used in writing occasionally.

Frespañol is used when a speaker of French and Spanish cannot find adequate vocabulary in one language to communicate, so ends up using some of both languages.

Such code-switching may be used or has been used in places where both languages meet, for example, by the Spanish immigrant community in France or the Latin American community in Quebec. This code-switching has historical and current presence in North, Central and South America. Many Latin American countries, Canadian provinces and some states in the south of the United States of America were at some point overseas provinces of France. In French Guiana, currently still an overseas department of France located in South America, both frañol and a mixture of French and Portuguese are observable.

During World War II many French immigrant communities flourished in the Americas, maintaining frañol a historically and currently observable example of code-switching in English, Spanish, and French-speaking countries.

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