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Franklin Pierce

Franklin Pierce
Portrait of Franklin Pierce by Mathew Brady
14th President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857
Vice President William R. King (1853)
None (1853–1857)
Preceded by Millard Fillmore
Succeeded by James Buchanan
United States Senator
from New Hampshire
In office
March 4, 1837 – February 28, 1842
Preceded by John Page
Succeeded by Leonard Wilcox
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Hampshire's at-large district
In office
March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837
Preceded by Joseph Hammons
Succeeded by Jared W. Williams
Personal details
Born (1804-11-23)November 23, 1804
Hillsborough, New Hampshire
Died October 8, 1869(1869-10-08) (aged 64)
Concord, New Hampshire
Resting place Old North Cemetery
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s) Jane Appleton (m. 1834; her death 1863)
Children 3
Education
Profession Lawyer
Religion Episcopalian
Signature Cursive signature in ink
Military service
Allegiance New Hampshire state flag.png New Hampshire
 United States of America
Service/branch New Hampshire state flag.png New Hampshire Militia
 United States Army
Years of service 1831–1847 (Militia)
1847–1848 (Army)
Rank Colonel (Militia)
Brigadier general (Army)
Battles/wars Mexican–American War
 • Battle of Contreras
 • Battle of Churubusco
 • Battle of Molino del Rey
 • Battle of Chapultepec
 • Battle for Mexico City
The Pierce Cabinet
Office Name Term
President Franklin Pierce 1853–1857
Vice President William R. King 1853
None 1853–1857
Secretary of State William L. Marcy 1853–1857
Secretary of Treasury James Guthrie 1853–1857
Secretary of War Jefferson Davis 1853–1857
Attorney General Caleb Cushing 1853–1857
Postmaster General James Campbell 1853–1857
Secretary of the Navy James C. Dobbin 1853–1857
Secretary of the Interior Robert McClelland 1853–1857

Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) was the 14th President of the United States (1853–57). Pierce was a northern Democrat who saw the abolitionist movement as a fundamental threat to the unity of the nation. His polarizing actions in championing and signing the Kansas–Nebraska Act and enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act alienated anti-slavery groups while failing to stem intersectional conflict, setting the stage for Southern secession and the US Civil War. Historians and other scholars generally rank Pierce as among the worst of US Presidents.

Born in New Hampshire, Pierce served in the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate until he resigned from the latter in 1842. His private law practice in his home state was a success; he was appointed U.S. Attorney for his state in 1845. Pierce took part in the Mexican–American War as a brigadier general in the Army. Seen by Democrats as a compromise candidate uniting northern and southern interests, he was nominated as the party's candidate for president on the 49th ballot at the 1852 Democratic National Convention. In the 1852 presidential election, Pierce and his running mate William R. King easily defeated the Whig Party ticket of Winfield Scott and William A. Graham.


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