Felipe Calderón
| Felipe Calderón | |
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Calderón in 2009
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 56th President of Mexico |
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In office 1 December 2006 – 30 November 2012 |
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| Preceded by | Vicente Fox |
| Succeeded by | Enrique Peña Nieto |
| Secretary of Energy | |
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In office 3 September 2003 – 1 June 2004 |
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| President | Vicente Fox |
| Preceded by | Ernesto Martens |
| Succeeded by | Fernando Elizondo Barragán |
| Leader of the National Action Party | |
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In office 1996–1999 |
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| Preceded by | Carlos Castillo Peraza |
| Succeeded by | Luis Felipe Bravo Mena |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa 18 August 1962 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico |
| Political party | National Action |
| Spouse(s) | Margarita Zavala (m. 1993) |
| Residence | Cambridge, U.S. (as of December 2012) |
| Alma mater |
Free School of Law Mexico Autonomous Institute of Technology Harvard University |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
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Presidential styles of Felipe Calderón |
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| Reference style |
Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos "President of the United Mexican States" |
| Spoken style |
Presidente de Mexico "President of Mexico" |
| Alternative style |
Señor Presidente "Mr. President" |
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa GCB (Spanish pronunciation: [feˈlipe kaldeˈɾon]; born 18 August 1962) is a Mexican politician who served as President of Mexico from 1 December 2006, to 30 November 2012. He is a member of the National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional, PAN), one of the three major Mexican political parties.
Prior to the presidency, Calderón received two master's degrees and went on to work within the PAN while it was still an important opposition party. Calderón served as National President of the party, Federal Deputy, and Secretary of Energy in Vicente Fox's cabinet. He served in the cabinet of the previous administration up until he resigned to run for the Presidency and secured his party's nomination.
The Federal Electoral Institute's official electoral results gave Calderón a tiny lead (less than 1% of advantage of the total votes) above opposition leader Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Calderón's victory was confirmed months later on September 5, 2006, by the Federal Electoral Tribunal.
His presidency was marked by the ignition of the Mexican Drug War, which began almost immediately after he took office. He sanctioned Operation Michoacán, the first large scale armed exercise. 6,500 federal troops were deployed and directed against the drug cartels. By the end of his administration, the official death toll of the Mexican Drug War was at least 60,000. Estimates set the death toll above 120,000 killed by 2013, not including 27,000 missing. The murder rate skyrocketed during his presidency parallel to that of the ignition of the Drug War. In economy, the external debt increases by more than 90 % and the rate of poverty passes from 43 to 46 %.
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