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Et cetera


et cetera (in English; /ɛtˈsɛtərə/; Latin pronunciation: [ɛt ˈkeːtɛra]) (rare: etceteros) (abbreviation: etc. or &c. (US English) or etc or &c (UK English)) is a Latin expression that means "and other similar things", or "and so forth". It is taken directly from the Latin expression, which literally means "and the rest (of such things)" and is a calque of the Greek "καιὶτα τέρα" (kai ta tera: "and the other things"; the more usual Greek form is "και τα λοιπά" kai ta loipa: "and the remainder"). means "and"; means "the rest".

The one-word spelling "etcetera" is commonly used and is accepted as correct by many dictionaries. It is also sometimes spelled et caetera, et coetera or et cœtera and is usually abbreviated to etc. or &c. (US English) or 'etc' or '&c' (UK English) Some abbreviations that are still used in the United Kingdom, Australia and India, are considered archaic in the United States and commonly used only in legislation, notations for mathematics or qualifications, include &ca, etca, &/c., &e., &ct., &cm, etcm, &cs, and etcs. (The ampersand is a ligature of "et". This is occasionally formed by knowing "et" to mean "and" but not realising "&" is a ligature of "et".)

The phrase et cetera is often used to denote the logical continuation of some sort of series of descriptions. For example, in the following expression:


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