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Emperor Gojong

Gojong
고종
Emperor of Korea
Korea-Portrait of Emperor Gojong-01.jpg
Emperor Gwangmu of Korea
Emperor of Korea
Reign 1897 — 21 January 1907
Predecessor Himself as King of Joseon
Successor Sunjong of Korea
King of Joseon
Reign 13 December 1863 — 1897
Predecessor Cheoljong of Joseon
Successor Kingdom transformed as empire
Regent Grand Internal Prince Heungseon (1863–1873)
Queen Myeongseong (1873–1895)
Born (1852-09-08)8 September 1852
Unhyeon Palace, Hanseong, Joseon Dynasty
Died 21 January 1919(1919-01-21) (aged 66)
Deoksu Palace, Keijo (Seoul), Japanese Empire
Burial Hongneung
Spouse Empress Myeongseong
Issue Emperor Sunjong
Prince Imperial Ui
Crown Prince Euimin
Princess Deokhye
House House of Yi
Father Grand Internal Prince Heungseon
Mother Grand Internal Princess Consort Sunmok
Korean name
Hangul 고종 광무제 (short )
Hanja 高宗光武帝 (short )
Revised Romanization Gojong Gwangmuje (short Gojong)
McCune–Reischauer Kojong Kwangmuje (short Kojong)
Birth name
Hangul 이명복 later 이희
Hanja 李命福 later 李㷩
Revised Romanization I Myeong-bok later I Hui
McCune–Reischauer Yi Myŏng-bok later Yi Hŭi

Gojong (Hangul고종; Hanja高宗; RRGojong; MRKojong), the Emperor Gwangmu (Hangul광무제; Hanja光武帝; RRGwangmuje; MRKwangmuje; 8 September 1852 – 21 January 1919), was the twenty-sixth king of the Joseon dynasty and the first Emperor of Korea.

Gojong took the Joseon throne in 1863 when still a child. As a minor, his father, the Heungseon Daewongun (or more commonly, the Daewongun), ruled as regent for him until Gojong reached adulthood.

During the mid-1860s, the Heungseon Daewongun was the main proponent of isolationism and the instrument of the persecution of native and foreign Catholics, a policy that led directly to the French invasion and the United States expedition to Korea in 1871. The early years of the Daewongun's rule also witnessed a concerted effort to restore the largely dilapidated Gyeongbok Palace, the seat of royal authority. During the Daewongun's reign, Joseon factional politics, the Seowon (learned academies that often doubled as epicenters of factional power), and the power wielded by the Andong Kim clan, completely disappeared as political forces within Korean state life.


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