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Emirate of Afghanistan

Emirate of Afghanistan
د افغانستان امارت
Da Afghānistān Amārat
British Protectorate (1879–1919)
1823–1926
Flag Emblem
Afghanistan before the 1893 Durand Line Agreement
Capital Kabul
Languages Pashto
Religion Sunni Islam
Government Emirate
Emir
 •  1823–1829 (first) Dost Mohammad Khan
 •  1919–1926 (last) Amanullah Khan
Legislature Loya Jirga
Historical era 19th century
 •  Established 1823
 •  Disestablished 1926
Area
 •  1893 652,225 km² (251,825 sq mi)
Currency Afghan rupee
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Durrani Empire
Kingdom of Afghanistan
British Raj
Russian Empire
Today part of  Afghanistan
 Iran
 Pakistan
 Turkmenistan
 Uzbekistan

The Emirate of Afghanistan (Pashto: د افغانستان امارتDa Afghānistān Amārat) was an emirate between Central Asia and South Asia, which is today's Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The emirate emerged from the Durrani Empire, when Dost Mohammed Khan, the founder of the Barakzai dynasty in Kabul, prevailed. The history of the Emirate was dominated by 'the Great Game' between the Russian Empire and the United Kingdom for supremacy in Central Asia. This period was characterized by the expansion of European colonial interests in South Asia. The Emirate of Afghanistan continued the war with the Sikh Empire, which led to the invasion of Afghanistan by British-led Indian forces who completely wiped out the Afghans in 1842 but did not fulfil their initial war objectives. However, during the Second Anglo-Afghan War, the British again defeated the Afghans and this time the British took control of Afghanistan's foreign affairs until Emir Amanullah Khan regained them after the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 was signed following the Third Anglo-Afghan War.


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