Egyptian Sudan
| Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | ||||||||||
| السودان اﻹنجليزى المصرى | ||||||||||
| Condominium of the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Egypt | ||||||||||
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Anthem God Save the King/Queen |
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Green: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Light green: Ceded to Italian Libya in 1934 Dark grey: Egypt and the United Kingdom |
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| Capital | Khartoum | |||||||||
| Languages |
English (official) Nubian Beja Nuer Dinka Fur Shilluk Arabic |
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| Religion |
Christianity Animism Sunni Islam |
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| Political structure | Condominium of the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Egypt | |||||||||
| Historical era | British Imperial | |||||||||
| • | Established | 19 June 1899 | ||||||||
| • | Self-rule | 22 October 1952 | ||||||||
| • | Independence | 1 January 1956 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | 1951 | 2,505,800 km² (967,495 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | 1951 est. | 8,079,800 | ||||||||
| Density | 3.2 /km² (8.4 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| Currency | Egyptian pound/gineih | |||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Egypt Libya South Sudan Sudan
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The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Arabic: السودان الإنجليزي المصري as-Sūdān al-Inglīzī al-Maṣrī) was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt in the eastern Sudan region of northern Africa between 1899 and 1956. It attained independence as the Republic of the Sudan, which since 2011 has been split into Sudan and South Sudan.
Until 1914, Egypt itself was nominally part of the Ottoman Empire. During the 19th century, it gradually expanded its control of the Sudan as far south as the Great Lakes region. In 1881 the Mahdist revolt broke out in Sudan and in 1882 the British invaded Egypt. Egypt became a de facto protectorate of Britain and together British and Egyptian forces gradually re-conquered the Sudan. In 1899, they formally agreed to establish a joint protectorate: Egypt on the basis of its previous claims and Britain by right of conquest.
Between 1914 and 1922, Egypt and thus the Sudan were formally a part of the British Empire. After Egyptian independence in 1922, Britain gradually assumed more control of the condominium, edging out Egypt almost completely by 1924. Increasing Egyptian dissatisfaction with this arrangement came to a head after the overthrow of the Egyptian monarch in 1952. On 1 January 1956, Egypt and Britain ceded Sudan its independence.
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