Dayak people
A sub-ethnic group of the Dayak people, Iban or Sea Dajak boy and girl in traditional clothing.
|
|
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (5.9 million) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Indonesia |
3,219,626 |
| West Kalimantan | 1,531,989 |
| Central Kalimantan | 1,029,182 |
| East Kalimantan | 351,437 |
| South Kalimantan | 80,708 |
| Jakarta | 45,385 |
| West Java | 45,233 |
| South Sulawesi | 29,254 |
| Banten | 20,028 |
| East Java | 14,741 |
| South Sumatera | 11,329 |
 Malaysia |
unknown |
| Sarawak | 935,935 |
 Brunei |
30,000 |
| Languages | |
| Dayak languages, Indonesian, Malay | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, Kaharingan (Mixed Hindu-Animism) and Islam | |
The Dayak or Dyak or Dayuh /ˈdaɪ.ək/ are the native people of Borneo. It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic subgroups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable. Dayak languages are categorised as part of the Austronesian languages in Asia. The Dayak were animist in belief; however, many converted to Islam and since the 19th century there has been mass conversion to Christianity.
The Dayak people of Borneo possess an indigenous account of their history, mostly in oral literature, partly in writing in papan turai (wooden records), and partly in common cultural customary practices. Among prominent accounts of the origin of the Dayak people is the mythical oral epic of "Tetek Tahtum" by the Ngaju Dayak of Central Kalimantan; it narrates that the ancestors of the Dayak people descended from the heavens before moving from inland to the downstream shores of Borneo.
The independent state of Nansarunai, established by the Ma'anyan Dayaks prior to the 12th century, flourished in southern Kalimantan. The kingdom suffered two major attacks from the Majapahit forces that caused the decline and fall of the kingdom by the year 1389; the attacks are known as Nansarunai Usak Jawa (meaning "the destruction of the Nansarunai by the Javanese") in the oral accounts of the Ma'anyan people. These attacks contributed to the migration of the Ma'anyans to the Central and South Borneo region.
The colonial accounts and reports of Dayak activity in Borneo detail carefully cultivated economic and political relationships with other communities as well as an ample body of research and study concerning the history of Dayak migrations. In particular, the Iban or the Sea Dayak exploits in the South China Seas are documented, owing to their ferocity and aggressive culture of war against sea dwelling groups and emerging Western trade interests in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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Wikipedia