Chinese calligraphy
| Chinese calligraphy | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 書法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 书法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | Thư pháp | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chữ Hán | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 書藝 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 書道 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | しょどう (modern) しよだう (historical) |
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Shūfǎ |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | sy平 fah入 |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | su24 fab2 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | syu1 faat3 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | su-hoat |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Seoye |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sŏye |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Hepburn | Shodō |
Chinese calligraphy is a form of calligraphy widely practiced in China and revered in the Chinese cultural sphere, which often includes Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. The calligraphic tradition of East Asia originated and developed from China. There is a general standardization of the various styles of calligraphy in this tradition. Chinese calligraphy and ink and wash painting are closely related, since they are accomplished using similar tools and techniques. Chinese painting and calligraphy distinguish themselves from other cultural arts because they emphasize motion and are charged with dynamic life. According to Stanley-Baker, "Calligraphy is sheer life experienced through energy in motion that is registered as traces on silk or paper, with time and rhythm in shifting space its main ingredients." Calligraphy has also led to the development of many forms of art in China, including seal carving, ornate paperweights, and inkstones.
The local name for calligraphy is Shūfǎ 書法 in China, literally "the way/method/law of writing";Shodō 書道 in Japan, literally "the way/principle of writing"; and Seoye (서예) 書藝 in Korea, literally "the skill/criterion of writing". The calligraphy of Chinese characters is an important and appreciated aspect of Chinese culture. Chinese calligraphy is normally regarded as one of the "arts" (Chinese 藝術 pinyin: yìshù) in the countries where it is practiced. It is also worth to note that Chinese calligraphy focuses not only on methods of writing but also on cultivating one's character (人品).
As a discipline calligraphy is, at the basic level, a pursuit －書法 pinyin: shūfǎ, "the rules of writing Han characters"－ focused on writing well. Students aim to obtain the writing characteristics of exemplary pieces of writing. Elementary school students practice calligraphy in this way, as do elders practicing temporary calligraphy, without aspiring to artistic creation.
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Wikipedia