Brazilian Integralist Action
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Brazilian Integralist Action
Ação Integralista Brasileira |
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| President | Plínio Salgado |
| Founded | October 7, 1932 |
| Dissolved | November 10, 1937 |
| Succeeded by | Party of Popular Representation |
| Headquarters | Brasília |
| Ideology |
Brazilian nationalism Brazilian Integralism Clerical fascism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Religion | Catholic Church |
| International affiliation | None |
| Colours | Blue |
| Party flag | |
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Brazilian Integralist Action (Portuguese: Ação Integralista Brasileira) was an integralist fascist political party in Brazil. It was based upon the ideology of Brazilian Integralism developed by its leader Plínio Salgado, Brazilian Integralism supported a revival of spirituality in Brazil in the form of Brazilian nationalism to form a shared identity between Brazilians. It denounced materialism, liberalism, and Marxism. It was violently opposed to the Communist Party of Brazil and competed with the Communists for the working class vote.
In the beginning of the 1930s, Brazil went through a strong wave of political radicalism. The government led by President Getúlio Vargas had a degree of support from workers because of the labor laws he introduced, and competed with the Communist Party of Brazil for working-class support. In the face of communist advances, and at the same time building on his intensive crackdown against the Brazilian left, Vargas turned to the integralist movement as a single mobilized base of right-wing support. With center-left factions excluded from the Vargas' coalition and the left crushed, Vargas progressively set out to co-opt the populist movement to attain the widespread support that allowed him eventually (in 1937) to proclaim his Estado Novo—an integralist "New State".
Integralism, claiming a rapidly growing membership throughout Brazil by 1935, especially among the German-Brazilians and Italian-Brazilians (communities which together amounted to approximately one million people), began filling this ideological void. In 1934, the Integralists targeted the Communist movement led by Luiz Carlos Prestes, mobilizing a conservative mass support base engaging in street brawls. In 1934, following the disintegration of Vargas' delicate alliance with labor, and his new alliance with the AIB, Brazil entered one of the most agitated periods in its political history. Brazil's major cities began to resemble 1932-33 Berlin with its street battles between the Communist Party of Germany and the National-Socialist German Workers' Party. By mid-1935, Brazilian politics had been drastically destabilized.
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