*** Welcome to piglix ***

Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini
Mussolini biografia.jpg
27th Prime Minister of Italy
In office
31 October 1922 – 25 July 1943
Monarch Victor Emmanuel III
Preceded by Luigi Facta
Succeeded by Pietro Badoglio
Duce of Fascism
In office
23 March 1919 – 28 April 1945
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Position abolished
Duce of the Italian Social Republic
In office
23 September 1943 – 25 April 1945
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Position abolished
First Marshal of the Empire
In office
30 March 1938 – 25 July 1943
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Position abolished
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
5 February 1943 – 25 July 1943
Preceded by Galeazzo Ciano
Succeeded by Raffaele Guariglia
In office
20 July 1932 – 9 June 1936
Preceded by Dino Grandi
Succeeded by Galeazzo Ciano
In office
30 October 1922 – 12 September 1929
Preceded by Carlo Schanzer
Succeeded by Dino Grandi
Minister of the Italian Africa
In office
20 November 1937 – 31 October 1939
Preceded by Alessandro Lessona
Succeeded by Attilio Teruzzi
In office
17 January 1935 – 11 June 1936
Preceded by Emilio De Bono
Succeeded by Alessandro Lessona
In office
18 December 1928 – 12 September 1929
Preceded by Luigi Federzoni
Succeeded by Emilio De Bono
Minister of War
In office
22 July 1933 – 25 July 1943
Preceded by Pietro Gazzera
Succeeded by Antonio Sorice
In office
4 April 1925 – 12 September 1929
Preceded by Antonino Di Giorgio
Succeeded by Pietro Gazzera
Minister of the Interior
In office
6 November 1926 – 25 July 1943
Preceded by Luigi Federzoni
Succeeded by Bruno Fornaciari
In office
31 October 1922 – 17 June 1924
Preceded by Paolino Taddei
Succeeded by Luigi Federzoni
Personal details
Born Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini
(1883-07-29)29 July 1883
Predappio, Kingdom of Italy
Died 28 April 1945(1945-04-28) (aged 61)
Giulino di Mezzegra, Kingdom of Italy
Cause of death Execution by firing squad
Resting place San Cassiano cemetery, Predappio, Italian Republic
Nationality Italian
Political party National Fascist Party (1921–1943)
Other political
affiliations
Height 5' 6½" (1.69 m)
Spouse(s) Rachele Guidi (m. 1915–45)
Relations
Children
Profession
  • Politician
  • Journalist
  • Novelist
  • Teacher
Signature
Military service
Service/branch  Royal Italian Army
Years of service 1915–1917 (active)
Rank
Unit 11th Bersaglieri Regiment
Battles/wars

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (Italian pronunciation: [beˈniːto mussoˈliːni]; 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista; PNF), ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce (The Leader), Mussolini was the founder of Italian Fascism.

In 1912 Mussolini was the leading member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). Prior to 1914, he was a keen supporter of the Socialist International, starting the series of meetings in Switzerland that organised the communist revolutions and insurrections that swept through Europe from 1917. Mussolini was expelled from the PSI for withdrawing his support for the party's stance on neutrality in World War I. He served in the Royal Italian Army during the war until he was wounded and discharged in 1917. Mussolini denounced the PSI, his views now centering on nationalism instead of socialism, and later founded the fascist movement. Following the March on Rome in October 1922 he became the youngest Prime Minister in Italian history until the appointment of Matteo Renzi in February 2014. After removing all political opposition through his secret police and outlawing labor strikes, Mussolini and his followers consolidated their power through a series of laws that transformed the nation into a one-party dictatorship. Within five years he had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means, aspiring to create a totalitarian state. Mussolini remained in power until he was deposed by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1943. A few months later, he became the leader of the Italian Social Republic, a German client regime in northern Italy; he held this post until his death in 1945.


...
Wikipedia

...