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Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen

Archduke Charles
Duke of Teschen
Anton Einsle - Erherzog Carl von Österreich.jpg
Portrait by Anton Einsle
Born 5 September 1771
Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Died 30 April 1847(1847-04-30) (aged 75)
Vienna, Austrian Empire
Burial Imperial Crypt, Vienna
Spouse Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
Issue
Detail
Full name
Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz
House Habsburg-Lorraine
Father Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother Maria Luisa of Spain
Religion Roman Catholicism
Military service
Allegiance  Holy Roman Empire
 Austrian Empire
Service/branch Imperial Army
Imperial and Royal Army
Years of service 1792–1809
Rank Lieutenant Field Marshal
Commands Imperial and Royal Army
Battles/wars
Full name
Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz

Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (German: Erzherzog Carl Ludwig Johann Joseph Laurentius von Österreich, Herzog von Teschen; 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of Emperor Leopold II and his wife, Maria Luisa of Spain. He was also the younger brother of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. Despite being epileptic, Charles achieved respect both as a commander and as a reformer of the Austrian army. He was considered one of Napoleon's most formidable opponents.

He began his career fighting the revolutionary armies of France. Early in the wars of the First Coalition, he saw victory at Neerwinden in 1793, before being defeated at Wattignies 1793 and Fleurus 1794. In 1796, as chief of all Austrian forces on the Rhine, Charles defeated Jean-Baptiste Jourdan at Amberg and Würzburg, and then won a victory at Emmendingen that forced Jean Victor Marie Moreau to withdraw across the Rhine. Following these victories were others at Zürich, Ostrach, , and Messkirch in 1799. He reformed Austria's armies to adopt the nation at arms principle; in 1809, he went into the War of the Fifth Coalition and inflicted Napoleon's first major setback at Aspern-Essling, before suffering a defeat at the bloody Battle of Wagram. Following Wagram, Charles saw no more significant action in the Napoleonic Wars.


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