Anita Garibaldi
| Anita Garibaldi | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro August 30, 1821 Laguna, Kingdom of Brazil |
| Died | 4 August 1849 (aged 27) Ravenna, Papal States |
| Resting place | Janiculum, Rome, Italy |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Occupation | Romancist |
| Spouse(s) | Giuseppe Garibaldi |
Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro di Garibaldi, best known as Anita Garibaldi (Portuguese: [ɐˈnitɐ ɡɐɾiˈbawdʒi], Italian: [aˈniːta ɡariˈbaldi]; August 30, 1821 – August 4, 1849) was the Brazilian wife and comrade-in-arms of Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi. Their partnership epitomized the spirit of the 19th century's age of romanticism and revolutionary liberalism.
Ana Maria "Anita" de Jesus Ribeiro was born into a poor family of Azorean Portuguese descent, herdsmen and fishermen in Laguna in the southern Brazilian province (now state) of Santa Catarina, a year prior to that country's independence from Portugal. In 1835, at the young age of fourteen years, Anita was forced to marry Manuel Duarte Aguiar, who abandoned her to join the Imperial Army.
Giuseppe Garibaldi, a Nicois sailor of Ligurian ascent turned Italian nationalist revolutionary, had fled Europe in 1836 and was fighting on behalf of a separatist republic in southern Brazil (the Ragamuffin War). When young Garibaldi first saw Anita, he could only whisper to her, "You must be mine." She joined Garibaldi on his ship, the Rio Pardo, in October 1839. A month later, she received her baptism of fire in the battles of Imbituba and Laguna, fighting at the side of her lover.
A skilled horsewoman, Anita is said to have taught Giuseppe about the gaucho culture of the plains of southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northern Argentina. One of Garibaldi's comrades described Anita as "an amalgam of two elemental forces…the strength and courage of a man and the charm and tenderness of a woman, manifested by the daring and vigor with which she had brandished her sword and the beautiful oval of her face that trimmed the softness of her extraordinary eyes."
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