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Amapá

Amapá
State
Flag of Amapá
Flag
Coat of arms of Amapá
Coat of arms
Location of State of Amapá in Brazil
Location of State of Amapá in Brazil
Coordinates: 1°N 52°W / 1°N 52°W / 1; -52Coordinates: 1°N 52°W / 1°N 52°W / 1; -52
Country  Brazil
Capital and largest city Macapá
Government
 • Governor Waldez Góes
 • Vice Governor João Bosco Papaléo Paes
Area
 • Total 142,814.585 km2 (55,141.020 sq mi)
Area rank 18th
Population (2014)
 • Total 750,912
 • Rank 26th
 • Density 5.3/km2 (14/sq mi)
 • Density rank 23rd
Demonym(s) Amapaense
GDP
 • Year 2012
 • Total R$ 10,420,000,000 (25th)
 • Per capita R$ 14,915.00 (15th)
HDI
 • Year 2010
 • Category 0.708 - high (12th)
Time zone BRT (UTC-3)
Postal Code 68900-000 to 68999-000
ISO 3166 code BR-AP
Website ap.gov.br

Amapá (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐmɐˈpa]) is a state located in the northern region of Brazil. It is the second least populous state and the eighteenth largest by area. Located in the far northern part of the country, Amapá is bordered clockwise by French Guiana to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Pará to the south and west, and Suriname to the northwest. The capital and largest city is Macapá.

In the colonial period the region was called Portuguese Guiana and was part of Portugal's State of Brazil. Later, the region was distinguished from the other Guianas. Amapá was once part of Pará, but became a separate territory in 1943, and a state in 1990.

The dominant feature of the region, and 90 percent of its total area, is the Amazon Rainforest. Unexplored forests occupy 70 percent of Amapá, and Tumucumaque Mountains National Park, established in 2002, is the largest tropical forest park in the world. The estuary of the River Oiapoque, once considered the northernmost point of Brazil, is along the Atlantic Ocean coast at the north of the state.

During the colonial era from 1637 to 1654 the Amapá region was merged into the Captaincy of Para, this was the Captaincy of Cabo de Norte. The Amapá region had the highest population of any region of Brazil in the 16th century, with an estimated population of 7 million residents. In the early colonial period the Amapá region was a rich source of lumber, resins, annatto, vegetable oils, and salted fish, all of which were exported to Europe. The French established sugarcane plantations in this period.


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