1887 in film
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The following is an overview of the events of 1887 in film, including a list of films released and notable births.
Filmed in Paris before 18 August 1887.(corner rue Bochard de Saron and Avenue Trudaine. (IXth arrondissement) and sent per post from Paris where he was at this moment, to his wife in New-York City. Letter private collection). Information from Pfend Jacques's Book:Louis Aime Augustin Leprince, Pioneer of the Moving Picture, and His Family (57200 Sarreguemines/France)
The next step back to pre-date this would be Eadweard Muybridge's use of multiple cameras to capture motion in stop-motion photographs in 1878 through the early 1880s, and using his zoopraxiscope, a device for projecting motion pictures in 1879.
The next step back to pre-date Muybridge's work is a projector with a turning glass disc created by Franz von Uchatius in 1853, which projected a very short repetitive moving picture similar to the repetitive moving picture toy, the phenakistoscope of 1828, but now on screen.
The next step back to pre-date Uchatius' work are glass slide photographs made by William and Frederick Langenheim in 1850, and using their Stereopticon, a device for projecting these slide shows which they presented to audiences for an admission price of 10 cents a show. People could view realistic photographs with nature, history, and science themes. At first, the shows used random images, but over time, the projectionists began to place the slides in logical order, creating a narrative.
The next step back to pre-date the Langenheim brothers' work is the photographic process created by Louis Daguerre in 1839 called daguerreotype. Followed 2 years later by an improved photographic process created by William Henry Fox Talbot in 1841 called calotype.
The next step back to pre-date Daguerre's work is a theory of moving images presented by Peter Mark Roget in 1824 called Persistence of Vision. This theory helped advance experiments to scientifically prove that a frame rate of less than 16 frames per second (frame/s) caused the mind to see flashing images. Audiences still interpret motion at rates as low as ten frames per second or slower (as in a flip book), but the flicker caused by the shutter of a film projector is distracting below the 16-frame threshold. A modern theatrical film runs at 24 frames a second. This is the case for both physical film and digital cinema systems. Roget's consideration of the illusion of motion was an early catalyst for moving pictures, and influenced the development of the visual illusion, moving picture, toys of the Thaumatrope, the Phenakistiscope, the Zoetrope, the Praxinoscope, and Flip Books which would influence development of camera and projection of those moving images by the important inventors of Louis Le Prince, Thomas Edison, and the Lumière brothers.
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